Does Jewellery Rust or Tarnish? A Guide to Jewellery Metals

This guide explains the difference between rust and tarnish, what to expect from common jewellery metals, and how to care for your handmade pieces.

Rust vs tarnish: what is the difference?

Rust is a type of corrosion associated with iron and its alloys. It often appears as reddish-brown deposits and can damage the metal as it progresses.

Tarnish is a surface reaction that changes a metal’s appearance. Silver may turn yellow, brown or black, while copper and brass can darken or develop a coloured patina. Tarnish is also a form of corrosion, but it is different from iron rust.

A dull finish does not always mean jewellery has tarnished. Residue from skin oils, cosmetics and soap can also reduce its shine.

Does alloy jewellery tarnish or rust?

An alloy is a mixture of metals, so the word alloy alone does not tell you whether a jewellery component will tarnish or rust. Sterling silver, brass and stainless steel are all alloys, yet they behave differently.

• Copper-based alloys, including brass and bronze, can tarnish or develop a patina.
• Iron-containing alloys may rust, depending on their composition, protective finish and exposure to moisture.
• Plated alloys can change appearance as their surface coating wears and exposes the metal underneath.

Check the product listing for the metal and finish rather than assuming all alloy jewellery has the same care requirements.

Which jewellery metals tarnish?

Sterling silver
Can tarnish when it reacts with sulphur-containing substances in the environment. This can produce a yellow, brown or black surface layer. Explore our sterling silver findings.

Copper, brass and bronze
Can darken or develop a patina over time. Some makers choose this aged appearance as part of their design.

Gold
Pure gold is highly resistant to tarnish, but other metals in gold alloys can react and cause discolouration.

Stainless steel
Generally resists rust and tarnish well. Its resistance depends on the grade and conditions, and exposure to salt or chlorine can still cause problems.

Gold-plated and silver-plated jewellery
Care depends on both the plating and the underlying metal. Tarnish, surface residue and worn plating can each affect the appearance.

How to reduce tarnish on jewellery

• Store jewellery somewhere dry, with pieces separated to reduce scratching.
• Wipe away moisture and surface residue with a clean, soft cloth after wearing.
• Apply perfume and lotions before putting jewellery on, and allow them to dry.
• Remove jewellery before swimming, showering or using household cleaning chemicals.
• Place anti-tarnish tabs in a well-sealed jewellery storage bag or container to help reduce tarnishing during storage. Follow the product’s coverage and replacement instructions.

These habits can slow surface changes, although no routine will prevent every metal or finish from changing over time.

Storing handmade jewellery or spare findings? Our anti-tarnish tabs are a simple addition to your storage routine. They help protect against tarnish developing during storage; they do not remove existing tarnish or restore worn plating.

How do you clean tarnished jewellery?

Identify the metal, finish and any stones or beads before choosing a cleaner. A product suitable for plain sterling silver may not be suitable for plated jewellery, pearls, glued components or delicate stones.

For plated pieces, avoid abrasive polishing and use only cleaning methods approved for that finish. Cleaning cannot replace plating that has worn away.